{"id":2228,"date":"2021-05-30T12:27:24","date_gmt":"2021-05-30T12:27:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/seleniumfacts.com\/?p=2228"},"modified":"2021-05-29T09:44:25","modified_gmt":"2021-05-29T09:44:25","slug":"selenium-supplementation-and-male-infertility","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/seleniumfacts.com\/index.php\/selenium-supplementation-and-male-infertility","title":{"rendered":"Selenium Supplementation and Male Infertility"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Clinical studies show that daily supplementation with selenium can improve male fertility [Moslemi et al.; Safarinejad &amp; Safarinejad; Scott et al.].<\/strong><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2231\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2231\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2231 size-medium\" title=\"Need sufficient selenium intake and status for good sperm quality.\" src=\"https:\/\/seleniumfacts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Stork-300x165.png\" alt=\"Stork bringing baby\" width=\"300\" height=\"165\" srcset=\"https:\/\/seleniumfacts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Stork-300x165.png 300w, https:\/\/seleniumfacts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Stork.png 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2231\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Sperm motility is a parameter of sperm analysis used to evaluate the ability of sperm to move in a forward direction. Poor sperm motility is associated with diminished male fertility. Adequate serum selenium status (&gt; 90-100 mcg\/L) is associated with improved sperm quality and improved sperm motility.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li>Selenium is essential for sperm function and male fertility.<\/li>\n<li>Selenium deficiency has been associated with reproductive difficulty in cattle, chickens, mice, pigs, rats, and sheep; selenium supplementation has improved reproductive performance in mice and sheep and mice [Moslemi et al.].<\/li>\n<li>The mechanism linking adequate selenium status to improved sperm quality may be <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3048346\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em><strong>the role of selenium containing antioxidant seleno-enzymes in reducing the extent of oxidative damage caused by harmful free radicals<\/strong> <\/em><\/a>[Moslemi et al.].<\/li>\n<li>Results from a comparative study have shown that supplementation with a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4125492\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong><em>selenium yeast preparation resulted in significant reductions in biomarkers of oxidative stress but that supplementation with pure selenomethionine did not.<\/em><\/strong><\/a> The results suggest that selenium-containing compounds in the selenium yeast preparation, i.e. compounds other than selenomethionine, may account for the decrease in oxidative stress [Richie et al.].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><strong>Selenium Supplementation of Men in Iran in 2009<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>In a 2009 study lasting 26 weeks, researchers in Teheran randomly assigned infertile men, average age 31 years, range 25-48 years, to the following groups [<a href=\"https:\/\/www.q10facts.com\/?s=safarinejad&amp;submit=Search\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Safarinejad &amp; Safarinejad<\/a>]:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>selenium supplementation group (n=116; dosage = 200 mcg\/day)<\/li>\n<li>N-acetyl-cysteine group (n=118; dosage = 600 mg\/day)<\/li>\n<li>selenium supplementation group (n=116; dosage = 200 mcg\/day) plus N-acetyl-cysteine (dosage = 600 mg\/day)<\/li>\n<li>placebo group (n=118)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h6><strong>Outcomes of the 2009 Iranian selenium study:<\/strong><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/19091331\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>All semen parameters significantly improved with the selenium treatment<\/em><\/a><\/strong> and with the N-acetyl-cysteine treatment.<\/li>\n<li>Administering selenium plus N-acetyl-cysteine resulted in additive beneficial effects.<\/li>\n<li>There was a significant positive correlation between the seminal plasma concentrations of selenium and N-acetyl-cysteine and the semen parameters.<\/li>\n<li>There was a strong correlation between the sum of the selenium and N-acetyl-cysteine concentrations and the mean sperm concentration, sperm motility, and percentage of normal morphology sperm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><strong>Selenium Supplementation of Men in Iran 2011<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>In an open-label study of 690 infertile men, average age 28.5 years, range 20-45 years, who received a daily selenium supplement (200 mcg) together with a daily synthetic vitamin E (400 units, \u03b1-tocopherol) for at least 100 days, the researchers concluded that <strong><em>supplemental selenium and vitamin E improve semen quality and have beneficial effects on sperm motility<\/em><\/strong> [Moslemi et al.].<\/p>\n<h6><strong>Outcomes of the 2011 Iranian selenium study<\/strong><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>The combination of selenium and vitamin E was associated with a significant increase in mean sperm motility from baseline.<\/li>\n<li>The combination of selenium and vitamin E was associated with a slight but statistically significant increase in the normal morphological sperm ratio from baseline.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2274\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2274\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2274 size-medium\" title=\"Difficulty getting pregnant reduced by selenium supplementation.\" src=\"https:\/\/seleniumfacts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Pregnant-couple-300x200.png\" alt=\"Pregnant couple\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/seleniumfacts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Pregnant-couple-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/seleniumfacts.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/Pregnant-couple.png 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2274\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Difficulty achieving pregnancy affects an estimated 48 million couples world-wide, approximately 15% of all couples. Male partners are solely responsible in 20-30% of infertility cases, and male fertility problems contribute to 50% of problems overall (Agarwal et al.)<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h5><strong>Selenium Supplementation of Men in Scotland in 1998<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>In a study conducted in the Glasgow Royal Infirmary, 64 men, average age 33 years, were randomly assigned to one of three test groups [Scott et al.]:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Daily supplementation with 100 micrograms of selenium<\/li>\n<li>Daily supplementation with 100 micrograms of selenium plus 1 milligram Vitamin A, 10 milligrams Vitamin C, and 15 milligrams Vitamin E<\/li>\n<li>Daily supplementation with a placebo<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h6><strong>Outcomes of the 1998 Scotland selenium study:<\/strong><\/h6>\n<ul>\n<li>Plasma selenium concentrations increased significantly in groups 1 and 2, rising from sub-normal levels (&lt; 70-80 mcg\/L) to normal levels (&gt; 100 mcg\/L).<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/9698665\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong><em>Sperm motility increased significantly in the men who received a daily selenium supplement and did not increase in the men in the placebo group.<\/em><\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li>The combination of vitamins with the selenium supplement did not have any discernible additional effect on sperm motility.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><strong>U-Shaped Curve Relating Selenium Status to Health Benefits<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>Professor Margaret P. Rayman, University of Surrey, has suggested in a 2012 seminal article published in <em>The Lancet<\/em> that <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/22381456\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong><em>selenium status in the range roughly from 100 \u2013 170 mcg\/L is most likely to confer health benefits<\/em> <\/strong><\/a>[Rayman, 2012, Figure 3, page 4].<\/p>\n<h5>Best form of Selenium supplement<\/h5>\n<p>A 2014 comparative study has shown that <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/24938534\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><em>an organic high-selenium yeast formulation gives significant protection against oxidative stress damage while an exclusively selenomethionine formulation does not.<\/em><\/strong><\/a> The selenium-enriched yeast product contains selenium species beyond just selenomethionine and these other selenium species seem to have the beneficial effect [Richie et al.].<\/p>\n<h5><strong>Conclusions<\/strong><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>There is evidence from clinical studies that <strong><em>daily selenium supplementation improves sperm motility and is associated with improved male fertility.<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<li>It is possible that <a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31701489\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong><em>reproduction outcomes can be improved further if both partners receive daily selenium supplements<\/em><\/strong><\/a>. There are strong indications that sufficient selenium is needed for the proper growth, maturation, and replication of oocytes; however, the mechanisms are not yet fully understood [Mintziori et al.].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><strong>Sources<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>Agarwal A, Mulgund A, Hamada A, Chyatte MR. A unique view on male infertility around the globe. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2015;13:37.<\/p>\n<p>Mintziori G, Mousiolis A, Duntas LH, Goulis DG. Evidence for a manifold role of selenium in infertility. Hormones (Athens). 2020 Mar;19(1):55-59.<\/p>\n<p>Moslemi MK, Tavanbakhsh S. Selenium-vitamin E supplementation in infertile men: effects on semen parameters and pregnancy rate. Int J Gen Med. 2011;4:99-104.<\/p>\n<p>Rayman MP. Selenium and human health. Lancet. 2012 Mar 31;379(9822):1256-68.<\/p>\n<p>Richie JP Jr, Das A, Calcagnotto AM, Sinha R, Neidig W, Liao J, Lengerich EJ, Berg A, Hartman TJ, Ciccarella A, Baker A, Kaag MG, Goodin S, DiPaola RS, El-Bayoumy K. Comparative effects of two different forms of selenium on oxidative stress biomarkers in healthy men: a randomized clinical trial. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2014 Aug;7(8):796-804.<\/p>\n<p>Safarinejad MR, Safarinejad S. Efficacy of selenium and\/or N-acetyl-cysteine for improving semen parameters in infertile men: a double-blind, placebo controlled, randomized study. J Urol. 2009;81(2):741-51.<\/p>\n<p>Scott R, MacPherson A, Yates RW, Hussain B, Dixon J. The effect of oral selenium supplementation on human sperm motility. Br J Urol. 1998 Jul;82(1):76-80.<\/p>\n<p>The information presented in this review article is not intended as medical advice and should not be used as such.<\/p>\n<p>30 May 2021<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Clinical studies show that daily supplementation with selenium can improve male fertility [Moslemi et al.; Safarinejad &amp; Safarinejad; Scott et al.]. Selenium is essential for sperm function and male fertility. Selenium deficiency has been associated with reproductive difficulty in cattle, chickens, mice, pigs, rats, and sheep; selenium supplementation has improved reproductive performance in mice and &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/seleniumfacts.com\/index.php\/selenium-supplementation-and-male-infertility\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Selenium Supplementation and Male Infertility&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2228","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fertility"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Selenium supplementation improves sperm quality.<\/title>\n<meta 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